1 101 X Hunter-gatherers, who had occupied these regions for thousands of years, still lived in areas inhospitable to agriculture. They traded with their farming neighbours, including the Indus people, supplying forest products and probably carrying goods between regional groups in the course of their seasonal travels.
#Thar Desert and adjacent regions
2 103 D A hunter-gatherer camp near Lothal and probably actively trading with this Indus outpost. Domestic animals, pottery and a few copper tools were among the goods received by the hunter-gatherers, and probably grain although it has left no trace.
#Langnaj
3 103 C A hunter-gatherer campsite. Bones of domestic animals, pottery and a few copper tools show the inhabitants traded with their Indus neighbours and with other farming groups.
#Bagor
4 102 A One of the largest Indus towns, Harappa was occupied from Early Indus times into the period after the Indus civilization collapsed. Its apparently isolated location may have been to exploit highly prized Himalayan timbers. Not yet as well known as Mohenjo Daro, it nevertheless seems to have been generally similar.
#Harappa, reconstruction of granary
5 1 19 5
#Lothaal and trade with Peninsular India IW
6 0 19 11
#The end of the Indus civilization IW
8 0 19 9
#Indus Arts and Grafts IW
9 101 X A settlement of the fisher folk who supplied copper to the Indus civilization. A large number of copper objects have been found at the site, including many arrowheads, fishhooks and flat axes.
#Ganeshwar
10 101 X A settlement of the fisher folk who supplied copper to the Indus civilization. Copper objects from the site are similar in form to those of the Indus people, who may well have made them.
#Jodhpura
11 17 19 1
#Indus bead and bangle making IW
12 101 X High quality flint was mined at Sukkur in the Rohri hills and distributed throughout the Indus region. Working floors have debris showing where the flint knappers (people who shaped the flint by striking) sat to roughly shape knives and other tools.
#Sukkur, working floor
13 101 X Many small communities of farmers and cattle herders were scattered around central, western and southern India at the time of the Indus civilization. In view of the modern distribution of Dravidian languages in southern India and the likelihood that the Indus people spoke Proto-Dravidian it is probable that the Indus people and peninsular farmers shared a common ancestry. Gold was probably obtained by these people from the rich sources in Karnataka and traded to the Indus regions.
#Peninsular India
14 0 19 4
#Copper from the Aravallis and Indus metal-working IW
15 102 B Much of the carnelian used in the beautiful Indus beads was mined at Rajpipla and brought into the Indus network via Lothal.
#Rajpipla, Carnelian bead(s)
16 103 E The Indus people were skilful artisans, producing a wide range of attractive objects, from necklaces made of beads of many materials to lively terracotta figurines. Good quality objects for everyday use were made from the best materials available, such as flint from the Rohri Hills. The Indus people traded extensively with their neighbours in peninsular India and the Indo-Iranian borderlands.
